EVALUATING THE SPATIOTEMPORAL TRENDS IN FLOOD HAZARD ZONATION IN IMPHAL EAST AND IMPHAL WEST DISTRICT THROUGH GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGY

Abstract

 The northeastern part of India, in particular the Imphal Valley itself, is highly prone to recurrent flooding, which poses very substantial risks to life, property, and socio-economic development. In relation, this study aims to evaluate spatiotemporal trends in flood hazard zonation using advanced geospatial technology through integration with historical flood data, satellite imagery, and topographic information. Detailed flood hazard maps respecting the differing levels of risk were then produced, considering contributing factors such as land use changes, hydrological patterns, and climate variability. With variables like fill, contour, flow direction, slope, stream order, and land use/land cover, the weighted overlay method was applied with much efficiency in the identification of flood-prone locations. The results basically show that the locations prone to flood are characterized by low elevation, steep slope gradients, and certain land use patterns. These are valuable recommendations to reduce and control flood risks, hence providing policymakers options toward better flood-response and resilience-enhancing strategies. The detailed analysis of the dynamic spatiotemporal patterns of flood hazards in the Northeastern region, particularly in the Imphal Valley, covers the research gap identified in existing studies. In this regard, a weighted overlay method for flood zonation was found effective in identifying the dynamics of flood hazards and seeing how they have been changing with time through both the natural and anthropogenic process. Advanced modelling techniques integrated with real-time hydrological data will further enhance accuracy and predictability in future studies. Community-based flood preparedness and early warning systems are again very vital instruments to be taken against such impacts on vulnerable communities. The research will, therefore, increase our knowledge with regard to the dynamics of floods and aid in the formulation of sustainable flood management practices in relation to interdisciplinary collaboration and the use of geospatial technology.