International Development Planning Review
International Development Planning Review is a peer-reviewed journal which provides an interdisciplinary platform for the critical study of development related practices, planning and policy in the global South. The journal publishes theoretically informed and empirically grounded papers, critical reviews, and viewpoints.
STRUCTURAL VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN: DECONSTRUCTING GENDER STEREOTYPES
Structural violence represents a pervasive yet often invisible form of harm embedded within socio-political, cultural, and economic institutions. Women across the world, particularly in patriarchal societies like India, disproportionately bear the brunt of such systemic inequalities. This paper examines the concept of structural violence through Johan Galtung’s theoretical framework and explores how deeply entrenched patriarchal systems perpetuate discrimination, subordination, and gender-based violence against women. Drawing upon secondary data, including global surveys, government statistics, and contemporary research, the study highlights the multilayered nature of structural violence—manifested through gender stereotypes, unequal power relations, workplace harassment, domestic violence, and socio-legal exclusion. The paper further discusses India’s specific context, analysing demographic imbalances, legal reforms, and institutional shortcomings. It concludes with policy recommendations aimed at fostering gender-just social structures through education, legal implementation, attitudinal reform, and holistic empowerment.
Structural violence, patriarchy, gender stereotypes, women’s rights, India, workplace harassment, gender-based violence.
AWARENESS OF SAUDI POPULATION ABOUT PREVENTIVE MEASURES OF THALASSEMIA AND SICKLE CELL ANEMIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Background: Thalassemia and sickle cell anemia are prevalent genetic disorders in Saudi Arabia, necessitating public awareness for effective preventive measures. This study aims to assess the awareness levels about these conditions among the Saudi population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 307 Saudi residents, utilizing a stratified random sampling technique to ensure diverse representation. Data were collected through structured questionnaires administered via face-to-face interviews and electronic surveys. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed to evaluate awareness levels and their associations with sociodemographic factors. Results: The mean age of participants was 36.8 ± 13.35 years, with a median age of 38 years, ranging from 14 to 70 years. Females constituted 75.9% of the participants. The majority were educated at school (28.3%) or university level (70.7%), and over half were married (57%). Most participants had a good monthly income (68.1%). Awareness of sickle cell disease was good among 42% of participants, significantly influenced by age (P=0.019), educational level (P<0.001), and income (P=0.010). Gender differences were observed, with females showing higher awareness than males, though not statistically significant (P=0.064). Awareness of thalassemia was good among 58% of participants, with significant associations with gender (P=0.001), age (P=0.003), marital status (P=0.012), educational level (P<0.001), and income (P=0.016). Females demonstrated significantly higher awareness compared to males. Conclusion: The study revealed that awareness about thalassemia is higher than that of sickle cell disease among the Saudi population. Key determinants of awareness included gender, age, education, marital status, and income level. These findings highlight the need for targeted educational programs, particularly aimed at less educated and lower-income groups, to enhance public awareness and preventive practices for these genetic disorders.
Mona Serag Omer Sahahiri, Areej Ibrahim Turkustani
LEVERAGING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS TO ENHANCE ACCURACY IN PROJECT CONTROLS
This study looked into how to use Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Predictive Analytics to make project controls more accurate. It was sometimes hard for traditional project management methods to predict cost overruns, schedule delays, and risk exposures. The study used previous project data and machine learning methods like Lasso Regression and XGBoost to create predictive models that made forecasts far more accurate and helped find risks early on. Standard performance criteria were used to check the models, and they showed that the accuracy of cost and schedule predictions improved by more than 18% and 25%, respectively. Also, clustering algorithms made it easier to group risks into categories, which made it possible to come up with proactive ways to reduce them. Project managers' feedback verified that the solution was useful and easy to use. The results imply that adding AI-based prediction tools to project controls can greatly improve decision-making, lower uncertainties, and improve project delivery outcomes in all fields. This study helps to close the gap between traditional project management and new AI technologies. It calls for these technologies to be used more widely in complicated project settings.
Artificial Intelligence, Predictive Analytics, Project Controls, Machine Learning, Cost Forecasting, Schedule Forecasting.
Copyright (c) 2023 International Development Planning Review
PREMARITAL SCREENING AND RELATED GENETIC DISORDERS PROBABILITIES IN COUPLES PLANNING FOR MARRIAGE
It is well recognized that genetic illnesses are challenging and unavoidable. Mutations and alterations in genetic characteristics that are inherited from one or both genes from one parent to the other cause the disease. Both dominant and recessive genes that transmit features or diseases can be found on the autosomal or sex chromosomes X or Y. Premarital female respondents who met specific inclusion criteria participated in this study. Data was gathered using a Google Form survey. 110 people in all with various genetic counseling characteristics. According to the results, every respondent was aware that some illnesses could run in families. Nonetheless, it was shown that none of the respondents knew much about premarital screening and genetic counseling. Only 17% of respondents were aware of the prospective partner's and their family's medical history, according to the respondent data. In this instance, it can be concluded that the respondents may have a sick gene, meaning that there is a 50% chance that their child would have the same gene. It may be anticipated that screening may enable the couple to identify any potential ailments that they may subsequently pass on to their children. As of right now, 26% said they disagreed and declared they will stick with the marriage plan, while 48% decided to cancel. The public has to be educated about premarital screening in order to enhance their awareness of the risk of genetic abnormalities.
Abdulrahman Qalil Badi Alanazi*, Abdullataif Aaiedh Alhajlah, Emad Ayiedh Almutairi, Atyaf Yahya Moafa, Reham Mohammed Qurtily, Hanan Abdullah Al-Battah, Mohammed Mazyad Abutaleb Qaysi, Abdullah Mutlaq N Alharbi, Ibrahim Saud M Aloufi, Luluh Mohammed Alrusayyis, Nasser Ali Al abdullah
STRATEGIC MARKETING–MANAGEMENT SYNERGY: DEVELOPING A UNIFIED PLANNING SYSTEM FOR COMPETITIVE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
This paper looks at how close cooperation between marketing and management supports integrated planning in tough market conditions. Specifically, it checks how tighter links across teams boost goal clarity, help departments work together better, while increasing adaptability within firms. Also considered is whether high rivalry affects how well coordinated strategies function. Through mixed methods - combining theory review with limited initial testing - it measures if joint planning lifts company results or when strong competition makes this impact stronger. The results show a close link between effective marketing-management teamwork and better strategy focus, especially when structured planning tools are used - yet alignment doesn't happen automatically. Still, barriers within organisations can block consistent joint planning efforts, even with support systems in place.
Strategic synergy, Unified planning system, Marketing–management alignment, Competitive environments, Organisational responsiveness, Integrated decision-making.
Music has always been our essential part of human culture and it is a method of creation and analysis has grown around the advanced computation capabilities. AI is using variety of ways for creating and production of music composition. AI helps to analyze & synthesize music content or sound signals which are vast multidisciplinary topic. Auto signals are very helpful in extracting musical information. AI is very helpful in development of musical sound contents. AI has brought significant change to our traditional music.
Music, Artificial Intelligence, Auto signals
Copyright (c) 2025 International Development Planning Review
A HOLISTIC PLANNING APPROACH FOR ENHANCING MARKETING EFFECTIVENESS AND MANAGERIAL PRODUCTIVITY IN DATA-DRIVEN ENTERPRISES
The research paper audits the impact of holistic plan on retailing effectiveness and managerial productivity in data-driven enterprises. The study explores how coordinated plan processes can support improved decision-making, enhance cross-functional alignment, and strengthen cogent practices within digitally oriented organizations. It also determines the act of a data-driven culture in carving these outcomes. Using a quantitative audit approach, the paper calculates the extent to which. Blend plan contributes to performance improvements and whether cultural support augments these effects. The findings show that holistic plan, when combined with a strong data-driven culture, leads to better retailing outcomes and greater managerial efficiency. Originally, the study also highlights several organizational challenges that must be addressed to implement blend plan effectively.
Holistic Planning, Marketing Effectiveness, Managerial Productivity, Data-Driven Culture, Data-Driven Enterprises, Digital Transformation.
LEADER’S WELL-BEING A NARRATIVE REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Leaders are central to organizational direction, performance, and resilience, yet their well-being remains underexplored and conceptually fragmented. This review consolidates research published between 2015 and 2025 in SCOPUS-listed journals to clarify the characteristics of leader well-being. The review finds that leaders’ well-being is multidimensional, encompassing affective, cognitive, social, professional, and psychosomatic domains that are often studied in isolation, leading to theoretical fragmentation. Addressing these gaps can help academicians develop integrated models of leadership psychological and physical health and guide organizations in designing interventions that enhance resilience, performance, and sustainable leadership pipelines.
Narrative literature review, leader, well-being, happiness at work
Shivani Peer¹ Dr. Harold Andrew Patrick²* Dr. Ujjal Mukherjee³*
FACTORS INFLUENCING JOB SATISFACTION TO ENSURE SUSTAINABLE GROWTH AMONGST FAMILY-OWNED ORGANIZATIONS IN INDIA
This study aims to investigate the determinants of job satisfaction within family-owned enterprises in Jaipur, India, drawing upon Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory. It explores factors such as leadership style, career progression, work-life balance, and recognition and rewards in relation to employee job satisfaction. Employing a quantitative approach, data were collected through questionnaires from 209 employees of family-owned firms in India. Results indicate that job satisfaction is influenced by leadership styles, career growth opportunities, work-life balance, and recognition and rewards. These findings have practical implications, suggesting that understanding leadership styles can aid in the adoption of effective strategies to enhance organizational performance and competitiveness. Moreover, promoting merit-based career advancement can ensure sustainability and reduce workforce inequalities, fostering social mobility. Additionally, effective recognition and reward systems are highlighted as crucial for retaining talent and boosting morale within family-owned businesses. Acknowledging employee contributions can cultivate loyalty and motivation, thereby supporting organizational success.
Job Satisfaction Family-Owned Organizations Leadership Style Career Advancement Opportunities Work-Life Balance
Dr. Frederick Sidney Correa , Amrita Bajpai and Dr. Uchit Kapoor
EXPLORING URBAN SUSTAINABILITY IN MANESAR TOWN, GURUGRAM: ADDRESSING TRAFFIC, TRANSPORT AND HOUSING CHALLENGES THROUGH SUSTAINABLE URBAN PLANNING
Manesar Town, located in Gurugram district of Haryana, has emerged as a rapidly urbanizing industrial hub within the National Capital Region (NCR). The town’s strategic location along National Highway-48 and its concentration of industrial and commercial activities have attracted significant population and employment growth. However, this rapid transformation has generated acute challenges related to traffic congestion, inadequate transport infrastructure and housing shortages. Therefore, this study investigates the interplay between population growth, employment concentration and urban infrastructure stress in Manesar. The paper further discusses the environmental and social implications of unplanned expansion and proposes sustainable urban planning strategies, including integrated transport systems, transit-oriented development, affordable housing schemes and mixed-use land policies.
Manesar; Housing; Traffic; Sustainable; Planning.
TECHNOLOGY'S ROLE IN MODERN ARABIC LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION
This paper examines one such all-inclusive methodology for teaching perception by AFL instructors at northern UAE universities. Whereas past works remarked that using a mixture of Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) with oral, colloidal form had virtues, no consideration has been taken to practical impact as well as teacher expertise to application, this current mixed-methods investigation fills this gap by dividing 40 AFL instructors between a semi-structured discussion with five instructors. Quantitative data gauges unanimous, favorable orientation to such global approach as best suited to learn as well as to teach Arabic. Qualitative results indicate such great hurdles to such adoption by teachers. Teacher attitude, ill-fitting of suitable tech-included materials, and quandary of whose spoken form to instruct are such hurdles. Such hurdles being posed by this research hold such great, tech-related implications to such teachers as are themselves subjects as well as such who make decisions regarding textbooks and syllabus. The latter admonishes such great need to adopt such a syllabus that incorporates MPA as well as one spoken form along with all such contemporary additions to acquire proper communicative ability in Arabic by students.
Technology-integration, integrated-approach, diglossia, communicative-competence, Arabic-language-instruction, teacher-perceptions
BEHAVIOR-DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK FOR BANKING FRAUD DETECTION: AN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN WITH SERENITY AND SELENIUM
In this study, a Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) framework to detect banking fraud, supporting Serenity BDD and Selenium was developed and proved. The aim was to improve automation features of detecting frauds in digital banking processes through incorporation of structured BDD scenarios, automated UI interactions, and reportable systems. A hypothetical banking setting and various fraud conditions- internal fraud, external attacks and behavior anomalies- were run to test the performance of the framework. The findings showed high success rate of execution, high accuracy of fraud detection and significant time saving of testing as opposed to manual validation. Serenity reporting enhanced better visibility and traceability of defects, whilst Selenium supported realistic simulation of transactions. Despite a few false-negative and false-positive cases that indicated that additional refinements can be done on the anomaly rules, the general results indicated that BDD-based automation is a scalable, efficient, and reliable methodology to enhance the financial institutions fraud detection systems.
Behavior-Driven Development (BDD), Serenity BDD, Selenium, Banking Fraud Detection, Automated Testing.
LOCATING AFFINITY WITH NATURE IN TRIBAL NARRATIVES
Tribals, we have heard that they never cut trees. They collect the fallen branches for fuel and the stems of the fallen trees are used as stools. They wake up with nature and sleep with nature. Aware of the love and wrath of Mother Nature they worship her with respect and with fear. They play with her, they seek from her, and they meet the end their life happily on the lap of mother earth. Poetry of Mamang Dai, Gambhini Devi, Jiban Narah, Robin Ngangom, Sameer Tanti, Cherrie Chhangte, Temsula Ao, Nini Lungalang, writings of Baraguru Ramachandrappa reveal the tribal writers affinity to nature and the nature as part and parcel of tribal life. The tribal poetry which was once in oral form is available in written form with the accessibility of education or right to education. With the new awareness the nature provides new metaphors in the changed scenario. As Sameer Tanti says in his poem: “As the Night Thickens the Stars Nod off” …. And I keep going like an ever watchful boatman Crossing over current after current Across the other side of dreams. In dream also tribals breathe nature. This paper discusses nature in tribal poetry. The purpose is to explore the tribal life as part of nature through tribal poetry.
Fallen branches, Mother Nature, Mother Earth, Breathe nature, Tribal poetry.
THE INTERPLAY OF GREEN FINANCE INSTRUMENTS AND ESG RATINGS: IMPLICATIONS FOR CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY, INVESTOR CONFIDENCE, AND MARKET TRANSFORMATION
The fast expansion of green finance and Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) investment has radically transformed the global financial system by linking capital deployment with sustainability and social responsibility. As much as they have gained popularity, there is little empirical research on the interaction between green finance vehicles and ESG ratings and their joint influence on corporate sustainability, investor trust, and market reform. The research utilizes a mixed-methods design, combining quantitative secondary firm-level data analysis with qualitative case studies of ESG-driven firms, to analyze these dynamics. Quantitative results for 120 firms from across multiple industries indicate that 65% of firms have adopted at least one green finance instrument, with green bonds and sustainability-linked loans being the most prevalent. There is a positive correlation between green finance adoption and ESG ratings (r = 0.62) and between ESG ratings and corporate sustainability performance (r = 0.58), and regression analysis validates the mediating effect of ESG ratings in the process of converting green finance adoption to quantifiable sustainability results. Qualitative findings point out that green finance and ESG framework strategic alignment improves transparency, boosts investor confidence, and transforms markets, although difficulties around inconsistent reporting standards, measurement issues, and costs of implementation remain. Research emphasizes the ability of synergistic green finance and ESG approaches to promote sustainable business practices, informed decision-making, and overall market development.
Green Finance, ESG Ratings, Corporate Sustainability, Investor Confidence, Market Transformation
HUMAN–AI SYNERGY AND EMPLOYEE RESILIENCE: UNDERSTANDING HR ANALYTICS IMPACT ON WELL-BEING IN INDIAN SERVICE FIRMS
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and analytics in Human Resource Management (HRM) has transformed decision-making, workforce optimization, and employee experience. However, little is known about how the interaction between humans and AI within HR analytics systems influences employee resilience and overall well-being—particularly in the context of Indian service firms. This study adopts a mixed-method approach grounded in socio-technical systems (STS) theory and the Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) model to investigate the dual impact of HR analytics on employee outcomes. In the qualitative phase, data from 32 semi-structured interviews across four Indian service sectors—banking, information technology, healthcare, and hospitality—were thematically analyzed to uncover key dimensions of Human–AI synergy, trust, and adaptability. The quantitative phase, using survey data from 382 employees, was analyzed via SmartPLS 4.0 to test hypothesized relationships among HR analytics use, employee resilience, and well-being. Results indicate that Human–AI synergy significantly enhances resilience (β = 0.47, p < 0.01), which in turn predicts employee well-being (β = 0.52, p < 0.001). However, overreliance on algorithmic monitoring partially offsets these gains through perceived techno-stress (β = –0.29, p < 0.05). The study extends the HR analytics literature by linking AI adoption to humanistic outcomes and proposing a Human–AI–Resilience–Well-being (HARW) framework for sustainable digital HR transformation in emerging economies.
Human–AI Interaction · HR Analytics · Employee Resilience · Well-being · Socio-Technical Systems Theory · Job Demands–Resources Model · Indian Service Industry
REFRAMING CAMPUS SUSTAINABILITY: A REVIEW OF HUMAN-CENTRIC, TECHNO-CENTRIC, AND POST-ANTHROPOCENTRIC PARADIGMS
The systematic review critically examined the evolving landscape of campus sustainability through the lens of three dominant paradigms: human-centric, techno-centric, and post-anthropocentric approaches. Analyzing 120 peer-reviewed studies (2010-2024) using PRISMA methodology, the study reveals how human-centric strategies dominate institutional practice through stakeholder engagement but often lack structural impact, while techno-centric solutions demonstrate measurable carbon reductions yet face critiques of technological determinism and equity gaps. The emerging post-anthropocentric paradigm challenges traditional models through ecological justice frameworks, though implementation remains limited by institutional barriers. The review identifies key tensions between paradigms, including divergent epistemologies, measurement challenges, and power dynamics in sustainability governance. Through comparative analysis of global case studies, the study demonstrates how integrative approaches - such as Cornell University's hybrid climate action plan and indigenous-led campus initiatives - overcome paradigm silos by combining behavioural, technological, and ecological dimensions. The findings highlight the urgent need for "paradigm fluency" in higher education sustainability, proposing a transformative framework that reconciles human agency with technological innovation and multi-species justice. Practical recommendations address curriculum redesign, boundary-spanning leadership, and alternative assessment methods, while future research directions emphasise longitudinal studies of integration processes and the political economy of sustainability transitions. This work contributes to theoretical and practical discourse by showing how universities can move beyond fragmented approaches to become truly transformative socio-technical-ecological systems.
Campus sustainability, sustainability paradigms, human-centric, techno-centric, post-anthropocentric, ecological justice
Aniefon H. Essien, Eghosa N. Ekhaese, Daniel O. Babalola, Egidario B. Aduwo
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A SECURE VIRTUAL ATM SYSTEM WITHPIN AND INTEGRATED ONLINE UPI SUPPORT
In real-time, users often depend on physical ATMs for banking, but these machines are restricted to basic transactions like withdrawals and transfers. Physical ATMs require debit or credit cards to operate, making them card-dependent. Authentication is done through PIN entry, with limited online security measures. These ATMs have risks such as card loss, skimming, and physical tampering. Additionally, they have high costs related to maintenance and card production. There are also delays in peer-to-peer and interbank transfers. The availability of physical ATMs is restricted to specific locations and traditional banking hours. The Virtual ATM is a platform built in Python that enables users to securely carry out banking transactions online. This system incorporates PIN authentication and OTP verification to improve security measures. It allows users to access and execute transactions anytime and from any location. The system is designed with function parameters and return values to maintain efficient operations. By eliminating the need for real cards and lowering the security risks of card theft, UPI integration allows users to conduct instantaneous peer-to-peer transactions, increasing the effectiveness of digital payments. The study highlights the improvements in transaction security, user convenience, and accessibility while examining the system's architecture, implementation challenges, security features, and performance evaluation.
Banking transactions, PIN-basedauthentication,OTP verification, Virtual ATM,Peer-to-peer transactions, Transaction security.
STRATEGIES FOR MANAGING STRESS AMONG COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION ASPIRANTS
This study focuses on the examination of stress management among aspirants preparing for competitive examinations. The researchers have outlined objectives such as assessing the level of stress management among the aspirants. To highlight the modifications in stress management between male and female aspirants and computing the differences in stress management among those preparing for UPSC, TNPSC and Railway exams. A descriptive survey method was employed and stratified purposive sampling was used to select 120 participants from various institutions in Chennai city. The results were analyzed through percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, and ANOVA. The analysis revealed no significant difference in stress management between male and female aspirants nor among those preparing for UPSC, TNPSC, and Railway exams. Nonetheless, a significant interaction was observed between gender and the type of competitive aspirants regarding their stress management.
Stress Management, Competitive Aspirants
LANGUAGE AS LIBERATION: A LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF FEMALE VOICE AND SILENCE IN TONI MORRISON'S ‘THE BLUEST EYE’
In The Bluest Eye, Toni Morrison seeks to challenge the eroding sexual and racial prejudices affecting Black girls and women. This paper analyzes how Morrison employs language and voice and silence to portray how societal forces suppress Black women but to reveal that language is a tool for liberation and Black women’s creation of the self. Through a close reading of the novel, I demonstrate how linguistic manipulation works to devalue Black women’s voices and argue that the novel includes instances in which language allows them to speak against their suppression and to create their identities anew. With this study, I look at various sociolinguistic factors in this novel as the central point of focus to add to current understandings on power dynamics and linguistic transformation in both the literary analysis and general discussions. In analyzing these elements and themes in Morrison’s work the paper utilizes the keywords Toni Morrison, The Bluest Eye, Language, Voice, Silence, Black Women, Feminism, Linguistic Analysis, Oppression, Liberation, Dialect.
POSTCOLONIAL APPROACHES TO HARPER LEE: THE AMERICAN SOUTH AS AN INTERNAL COLONY
This research paper explores Harper Lee's novels, To Kill a Mockingbird and Go Set a Watchman, through the lens of postcolonial theory, specifically the concept of the American South as an internal colony. While traditional postcolonial studies focus on the relationship between imperial powers and overseas territories, this paper argues that the socio-economic and cultural dynamics between the American South and the dominant national narrative exhibit characteristics akin to an internal colonial relationship. By examining patterns of economic dependence, cultural marginalization, the perpetuation of racial hierarchies, and the struggle for regional identity within Lee's fictional Maycomb, this paper demonstrates how postcolonial frameworks offer a nuanced understanding of the South's complex position. The analysis reveals how Lee's works illuminate the South's simultaneously subaltern and oppressive roles, where its own internal colonialism against African Americans intersects with its experience of being "othered" and managed by external national forces.
Harper Lee, postcolonial theory, internal colonialism, American South, racial hierarchies, Southern literature
ACTIVE MONITORING AND AUTOMATED RECOVERY SYSTEMS USING AI AGENTS AND CONTINUOUS DATA PROCESSING
Using artificial intelligence (AI) agents and continuous data processing frameworks, this study examined the design and assessment of automatic recovery and active monitoring systems. The shortcomings of conventional monitoring systems, which were reactive and necessitated manual intervention, frequently resulting in extended outages and service interruptions, served as the impetus for the study. AI agents trained on historical datasets were utilized to identify anomalies and start self-healing processes in a hybrid cloud environment that mimicked real-world situations. The findings showed that while unsupervised methods successfully detected new abnormalities, supervised learning models were more accurate in identifying predetermined failures. When compared to manual approaches, automated recovery mechanisms improved system availability by over four percent by dramatically lowering the Mean Time to Detect (MTTD) and Mean Time to Recovery (MTTR). The gains in efficiency and resilience surpassed the small computational burden that AI-driven monitoring brought. The study came to the conclusion that AI-based monitoring and recovery systems offered a scalable, flexible, and successful method of guaranteeing dependability in dynamic infrastructures like enterprise networks and hybrid clouds. Future research might concentrate on explainable AI for transparency, reinforcement learning for adaptive recovery, and practical deployment testing in expansive settings.
Active Monitoring, Automated Recovery, Artificial Intelligence Agents, Continuous Data Processing, Anomaly Detection, Self-Healing Systems, Cloud Computing.
Copyright (c) 2024 International Development Planning Review
"ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AS A CATALYST FOR INDIA'S DIGITAL ECONOMY: POLICY IMPLICATIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS"
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has increasingly become a technological innovation that has revolutionized the Indian digital economy with an unimaginable prospect of the attainment of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The paper discusses the various ways that AI can support the digital transformation of India and the meaning of such actions on the sustainable development of policy frameworks. By thoroughly evaluating the existing trends related to AI use, the economic effect, and policy efforts, this paper reflects that the AI market in India is forecasted to expand at a 25-35% CAGR by 2027, with the industry estimated to add nearly 400-500 billion to the national economy by 2030. The authors use a mixed methodology; sectoral data of 500 companies were studied in seven major industries, and the possible effects of AI on all 17 SDGs were also analyzed. The results suggest that AI would facilitate the achievement of 134 targets and suppress 59 targets with discretion on policy set-ups. The paper has proposed an inclusive AI-driven growth roadmap that addresses major policy gaps in effective AI governance systems. The most important advice is the necessity of AI-SDG monitoring, the development of digital literacy, and, finally, the establishment of so-called regulatory sandboxes related to sustainable AI development. The study is part of the high-potential literature on the development of AI, with empirical evidence contributing to the effectiveness of AI as a transformational tool in emerging economies and actionable policies to provide policymakers interested in harnessing the powers of AI to sustainable development goals.
Artificial Intelligence, Digital Economy, Sustainable Development Goals, India, Policy Framework, Digital Transformation, Economic Growth, Technology Governance
Dr A. Shankar Kumar, Dr. SP. Krishnaveni
ALGORITHMIC GOVERNANCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE ETHICS IN INDIA: BALANCING AI EFFICIENCY WITH DEMOCRATIC ACCOUNTABILITY
The fast adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in the administration of India is characterized by both unprecedented possibilities of administration effectiveness and great threats to democratic accountability. The present paper looks at the present situation in the area of algorithmic governance in India and discusses the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) 2025 AI Governance Guidelines and the overarching IndiaAI Mission frameworks. This research assesses the way in which India is striking a balance between the potential of AI-driven efficiency in administration and the need to preserve principles of democracy, transparency, and ethics through reviewing policy documents, government programs, and regulatory frameworks. The study shows that although India has achieved a lot in terms of the creation of AI governance systems, such as the distribution of ₹10,372 crore to the IndiaAI Mission and the creation of area-specific regulatory frameworks, there are still major gaps in the process of holding algorithms accountable and securing the rights of citizens. The main conclusions are that the Indian strategy is focused on a complex of regulatory approaches and technical means, a whole-of-government approach, but still has difficulties in the areas of algorithmic openness, mitigation of bias, and citizen involvement in AI governance. The paper comes to the conclusion that successful AI governance in India needs to focus on reinforcing democratic oversight tools, increasing citizen participation in AI policy-making, and creating effective AI accountability frameworks that maintain efficiency improvements and democratic principles.
Algorithmic governance, AI ethics, administrative accountability, democratic governance, India, policy of artificial intelligence, transparency, digital governance, public administration, responsible AI.
"DHARMA AND EXISTENTIAL CHOICE: RECONSTRUCTING HINDU ETHICS THROUGH AN EXISTENTIALIST LENS"
This paper explores the category of dharma within the Hindu philosophical tradition, showing that an existentialist perspective can broaden dharma beyond being cosmic law or social obligation to an existential field of choice. Basing themselves on historically classical Hindu literature, especially the Bhagavad Gita and Dharmashastra literature, as well as existential thinkers such as Sartre, Kierkegaard, and Jaspers, a convergence between Hindu ethics and existentialist thought is revealed here that can be astounding. It has been sighted how the contextual form of dharma (svadharma) is congruent with the existentialist interest in situated freedom, and the existence of a Hindu concept of karma offers a means of conceiving the burden of choice and responsibility. By looking at some of the critical points of ethical crisis in Hindu literature, especially that faced by Arjuna in the Gita, the paper demonstrates how dharmic choice means authentic encountering the existential anxiety and not mechanical obligations to duty. The results indicate that forms of Hindu ethics, through an existentialist prism, can guide through a morally complex multicultural environment in a state of commitment to individual integrity, as well as to integration in the social fabric. The reconstruction would have implications in comparative philosophy as well as religious studies and practical ethics in multicultural societies.
dharma, existentialism, Hindu ethics, svadharma, authenticity, karma, moral choice, Bhagavad Gita
BREAKING BARRIERS, BUILDING BRIDGES: ENGLISH LANGUAGE AS A SOCIO-ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT TOOL OF PVTG WOMEN.
The paper will show how English language education can be empowering in the sense of empowering the women who constitute the Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) in India. Since 75 PVTGs represent approximately 2.8 million individuals in 18 states, these communities are characterised by several marginalisations, and women have been impacted in various ways. The literacy levels of PVTGs in the female gender are at a very low critical level of 30-40, as compared to the national average of 70.3. The paper follows a mixed-methodology design, which reviews second-order data, i.e., government reports, NFHS-5 (2019-21), and the latest empirical studies, to discuss how English language proficiency could initiate socio-economic empowerment. The findings demonstrate that English education increases employment by 45 per cent, income by 38 per cent and government program access by 52 per cent. They still face significant issues of language barriers, poor infrastructure, ineffective teachers, and socio-cultural opposition. The article also addresses other more recent programs, such as PM-JANMAN (2023) and suggests a model of multilingual education that intersects with indigenous language and English language proficiency, as well. Community language centres, use of technology-based learning solutions, culturally sensitive means of instruction, and some of the recommendations. It concludes the study that, in combination with cultural preservation initiatives, strategic English language education has the potential to effectively disrupt intergenerational cycles of poverty and marginalisation within the PVTG women group.
PVTG women, English language education, socio-economic empowerment, multilingual education, PM-JANMAN, tribal development, gender equality.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL THE ROLE OF AI AND ANALYTICS IN EMPLOYEE EVALUATION
Digital transformation has redefined organizational processes, particularly in human resource management, with performance appraisal being one of the most significantly affected domains. Traditionally reliant on subjective and paper-based evaluations, appraisal systems are now shifting toward continuous, data-driven approaches through artificial intelligence (AI) and advanced analytics. This study explores how AI-enabled systems analyze employee behavior, productivity, and engagement in real time while analytics identifies performance patterns, skill gaps, and growth opportunities, thereby replacing intuition-based judgments with evidence-based assessments. Predictive analytics further supports future performance forecasting and strategic alignment of employee contributions with organizational objectives. The research highlights benefits such as increased transparency, minimized biases, personalized feedback, and dynamic goal setting. Digital dashboards and machine learning algorithms enable managers to access real-time insights, while natural language processing and sentiment analysis enrich feedback quality. Features like gamification and AI-driven chatbots enhance employee engagement, fostering a shift from evaluative to developmental appraisal models. However, the study also emphasizes challenges including algorithmic bias, data privacy, and employee resistance to technological change, stressing the importance of ethical AI governance, regulatory compliance, and cultural readiness for successful adoption. Drawing from resource-based view and human capital theory, the paper provides both theoretical and practical contributions. It proposes a hybrid approach that balances machine intelligence with human judgment and outlines a framework for integrating AI into existing HR practices. Ultimately, the study concludes that AI and analytics are not merely technological upgrades but strategic enablers of organizational transformation, redefining performance appraisal as a proactive and developmental process that strengthens competitive advantage in dynamic business environments.
People Analytics / HR Analytics, Digital Transformation, Artificial Intelligence (AI),Performance Appraisal.
Dr. Manchala Veera Krishna, Dr. K P R Rajesh, Durga Bhavani Dhlipudi, Dr. J N V Naresh Babu,
ATTITUDE TOWARDS STATISTICS AMONG THE PH.D RESEARCH SCHOLARS IN HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES OF NORTH-EAST INDIA
In the present study, it aimed to study the attitude towards Statistics among Research Scholars across different disciplines of North East Indian Universities. Keeping in view the essence of the present study, Attitude Towards Statistics scale has been employed as a tool for the purpose of collection of data. However, three main dimensions of attitude towards Statistics scale includes such as Affect on Statistics, Cognitive Competence on Statistics and Difficulty in Statistics. Moreover, percentage analysis has been applied through SPSS. Based on the findings of the study, it is evident that in terms of attitude towards Statistics most of the research scholars belonging to different four disciplines such as (Economics, Education, Political Science and Geography) from different eight universities (GU, NEHU, Mizoram University, Manipur University, RGU, NU, TU and SU) of North-East India have shown a low attitude in terms of affect on Statistics. However, it showed a high attitude on cognitive competence and it showed a low attitude in terms of difficulty in Statistics. It is thus obvious from the findings that majority of the research scholars showed low attitude towards Statistics.
Attitude, Statistics, Research Scholars, Humanities, North-East India
Dr. Mihir Brahma, Tanaya Bardhan, Kangthir Tokbi, Nilakshi Kalita
AN ENHANCED MECHANISM FOR THE PREVENTION OF MALWARE INJECTION WITH URL REDIRECTION
The growing dependence on web-based services has made users increasingly vulnerable to malicious activities, particularly those exploiting deceptive URL redirection techniques. Cyber attackers often mask harmful destinations behind seemingly legitimate links, leading to phishing sites or triggering the download of malware. This study presents a lightweight browser-level solution to detect and mitigate such threats using custom Chrome extensions. The first extension monitors redirection chains initiated by embedded links, particularly in common file formats like PDFs, and alerts users to suspicious behavior. The second extension enhances file download security by integrating with the VirusTotal API, enabling real-time scanning of downloaded files based on their hash values. Both tools operate seamlessly in the background, requiring minimal user interaction, and together offer a layered defense against URL-based threats. Through a series of simulated attack scenarios and controlled testing environments, the proposed system demonstrated effective detection and prevention capabilities. The findings emphasize the need for dynamic, browser-integrated solutions in modern cybersecurity strategies.
URL Redirection, Threat Intelligence, Cyber Security, Web Extension, Chrome
Vaibhav Sharma, Sandeep Chopra, Ritesh Kumar, Vishok Kumar Singh, Archana Kero
FACTORS AFFECTING DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN TOURISM ENTERPRISES: A CASE STUDY IN PHU THO PROVINCE
This study investigates the external environmental factors influencing digital transformation (DT) among tourism enterprises in Phu Tho province, Vietnam. Drawing on the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) framework, it examines five key variables: technological infrastructure, legal-policy environment, customer demand, competitive pressure, and economic environment. Data collected from 290 respondents across local tourism businesses were analyzed using SPSS 22.0. The findings reveal that all five factors significantly affect digital transformation performance, with technological infrastructure exerting the strongest impact. The study offers practical implications for enhancing DT readiness and provides a contextualized understanding of transformation dynamics in provincial tourism enterprises.
Digital transformation, TOE, Tourism enterprises, Phu Tho
EFFECTS OF A SIX WEEK PRANAYAMA INTERVENTION ON BLOOD PRESSURE AMONG YOUNG ADULTS IN HARYANA UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Pranayama, a yogic breathing technique, has been widely studied for its potential to improve cardiovascular health through autonomic modulation. This study evaluated the effect of a six-week structured Pranayama intervention on systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) among young, normotensive college students. A total of 100 participants aged 18–25 years from Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Haryana, were randomly divided into experimental (n = 50) and control (n = 50) groups. The experimental group practiced daily 40-minute Pranayama sessions including Anulom Vilom and Bhramari for six weeks, while the control group continued routine activities. SBP and DBP were measured pre- and post-intervention using a digital sphygmomanometer under standardized conditions. Results showed a significant reduction in SBP (≈9.4 mmHg) and DBP (≈6.6 mmHg) in the experimental group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc tests confirmed significant intergroup differences, and bar charts supported the visual trend. These findings suggest that short-term, structured Pranayama practice can favorably influence cardiovascular parameters even in healthy young adults, highlighting its potential as a simple, low-cost, non-pharmacological strategy for blood pressure regulation and cardiovascular health promotion.
Pranayama, Blood pressure, Systolic blood pressure, Diastolic blood pressure, Yoga, Autonomic nervous system, Cardiovascular health, Non-pharmacological intervention, Stress reduction, Preventive health.
Anita Kumari¹, Manoj Kumar Tak*, Amit Kumar1, Maya Devi2, Aarti3, Gourav3