UNRAVELING THE THREADS OF GENDER DISPARITIES IN STEM EDUCATION: A COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION OF SOCIO-CULTURAL, INSTITUTIONAL, AND INTERSECTIONAL FACTORS
Abstract
Gender disparities persist in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education, influencing enrollment rates, academic performance, and graduation outcomes. This empirical study investigates the nuanced interplay of socio-cultural, institutional, and intersectional factors impacting women's participation and success in STEM disciplines. Drawing on theoretical frameworks such as Social Cognitive Career Theory and Expectancy-Value Theory, the research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analyses and qualitative insights.
Descriptive statistics provide a baseline understanding of key variables, including enrollment rates, academic performance, and graduation rates in STEM. Correlation analyses reveal the strength and direction of relationships among these variables. Regression analyses present numeric coefficients, offering insights into the impact of socio-cultural attitudes, institutional support, and intersectionality on STEM outcomes.
Results highlight the positive influence of addressing socio-cultural barriers on enrollment rates, with institutional factors such as representation and mentorship programs playing a pivotal role. Additionally, an intersectional analysis uncovers unique challenges faced by women from diverse backgrounds. Theoretical frameworks guide the interpretation of findings, emphasizing the role of beliefs, expectations, and values in shaping career-related decisions.
The study contributes to existing literature by providing evidence-based recommendations for policymakers, educators, and institutions aiming to bridge the gender gap in STEM. As we navigate towards greater inclusivity, recognizing the complexity of gender disparities and tailoring interventions to diverse experiences is essential for fostering equity in STEM education.
Keywords: Gender Disparities; STEM Education; Socio-Cultural Factors; Institutional Support; Intersectionality; Enrollment Rates; Academic Performance
