ANTIBIOTIC USE IN DENTAL CARE DURING PREGNANCY: SAFETY, GUIDELINES, AND EMERGING TRENDS

Abstract

Antibiotic use during pregnancy is a critical aspect of dental care, as infections left untreated can lead to severe complications for both the mother and fetus. However, prescribing antibiotics for pregnant patients requires careful consideration to balance the benefits of maternal health against potential risks to fetal development. This article explores the role of antibiotics in managing dental infections during pregnancy, focusing on their indications, safety profiles, and contraindications. Safe antibiotics, such as penicillins, cephalosporins, and clindamycin, are discussed alongside those to avoid, including tetracyclines and quinolones. The article also highlights the risks of teratogenicity, antibiotic resistance, and adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with improper use. Evidence-based guidelines for dentists emphasize patient assessment, trimester-specific considerations, and the importance of collaboration with obstetricians. Emerging trends, such as antibiotic stewardship programs, alternative therapies like photodynamic therapy and probiotics, and advances in personalized medicine, are also explored. By adhering to these principles, dental professionals can manage infections effectively while safeguarding maternal and fetal health.