PREVALENCE AND AWARENESS OF HYPERTENSION AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN KSA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Abstract
Background: Hypertension remains a critical global health concern, with healthcare workers (HCWs) playing a pivotal role in its prevention and management. However, limited research has assessed the prevalence of hypertension and the level of awareness about this condition among HCWs in Saudi Arabia. This systematic review aims to synthesize existing evidence to bridge this knowledge gap and identify areas for improvement in hypertension management within healthcare settings.
Methods: A comprehensive systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines to investigate the prevalence and awareness of hypertension among HCWs in Saudi Arabia. Relevant studies published in English from 2000 to the present were identified through database searches in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and grey literature sources, including Google Scholar. Cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies, along with systematic reviews, were included. The study selection process involved independent title and abstract screening, followed by full- text review based on predefined inclusion criteria. Data were extracted systematically and analyzed qualitatively, focusing on prevalence rates, awareness levels, and associated risk factors.
Results: The initial search identified 54 studies, of which 20 full-text articles were reviewed, and one study met the inclusion criteria. Conducted in Riyadh in 1996, the study assessed 107 primary
care physicians using a 38-item survey. Findings revealed that while 91% of physicians supported mandatory hypertension screening, only one-third could define hypertension correctly. Awareness of hypertension prevalence (42%) and its major complications (57%) was limited. Furthermore, 94% of physicians routinely measured blood pressure during patient intake, but only 56% adhered to recommended screening intervals for individuals over 35 years old.
Conclusion: This review highlights significant gaps in hypertension awareness and screening practices among Saudi HCWs, underscoring the need for targeted educational initiatives and training. The findings call for updated research to assess current practices and implement strategies to enhance hypertension management in healthcare settings.
