AWARENESS AND KNOWLEDGE OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN KSA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Abstract

Background: Antibiotic resistance poses a significant threat to global public health, and healthcare workers (HCWs) play a crucial role in combating this issue. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the awareness and knowledge levels regarding antibiotic resistance among HCWs in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and CINAHL, along with grey literature sources. Studies assessing awareness and knowledge levels of antibiotic resistance among various categories of HCWs in Saudi Arabia were included. Data extraction and synthesis were performed independently by two reviewers using predefined criteria.

Results: The initial search yielded 41 studies, of which 20 full-text articles were reviewed, and eight studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies employed a cross-sectional design and utilized structured questionnaires or surveys to collect data from HCWs. Sample sizes ranged from 266 interns to 671 community pharmacists. While some groups demonstrated good knowledge and positive attitudes towards antibiotic use and resistance, significant gaps in understanding and practice were identified across different categories of HCWs. Factors such as profession, qualification, nationality, age, and workplace were found to influence knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding antibiotic resistance among HCWs in Saudi Arabia.

Conclusion: This systematic review highlights the varied levels of awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to antibiotic resistance among HCWs in Saudi Arabia. While certain groups showed positive trends, there are notable gaps that need to be addressed through targeted educational interventions and training programs. Enhancing awareness, knowledge, and practices surrounding antibiotic use and resistance among HCWs is crucial for effective antimicrobial stewardship efforts in Saudi Arabia, especially amidst the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Further research and revisions to local antimicrobial guidelines are warranted to address the identified gaps and promote optimal antibiotic prescribing practices in the region.