PREVALENCE OF RISK FACTORS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF BREAST LUMPS AMONG WOMEN IN KSA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Abstract

Objective: This research aims to determine the Prevalence of Risk Factors for Different Types of Breast Lumps among Women in KSA.

Methods: This study will utilize a cross-sectional design to examine the prevalence of risk factors associated with different types of breast lumps among women in Saudi Arabia. The cross-sectional design is appropriate for capturing a snapshot of the population at a single point in time, allowing for the analysis of the relationships between various risk factors and the occurrence of breast lumps.

Results: The study included 350 participants. The most frequent body mass index value BMI among study participants was 30-34.9 kg/m² (n=128, 36.6%), followed by 35 kg/m² and more (n=105, 30%), then 25-29.9 (n=57, 16.3%), 18.5-24.9kg/m² (n=45, 12.9%) and 18.5 kg/m² or less (n=15, 4.3%). The most frequent age among study participants was 40 years and more (n= 119, 34%) followed by 36-40 year (n= 94, 26.9%), then 31-35 year (n=57, 16.3%), 25-30 years (42, 12%) and less than 25 years (n=38, 10.9%). The most frequent marital status among study participants was married (n= 195, 55.7%) followed by single (n= 87, 24.9%), then divorce (n=68, 19.4%). Monthly income among study participants with most of them had good (n= 196, 56%) followed by weak (n= 83, 23.7%) and the least monthly income is high (n= 71, 20.3%). Figure 4 shows the distribution of monthly income status among study participants. Nationality among study participants with most of them was Saudi (n= 303, 56%) and non-Saudi (n= 47, 13.4%) and the least monthly income is high (n= 71, 20.3%). Participants were asked Age at menarche (years). There most frequent answer 12-13 years (n= 158, 45.1%), followed by 7-11 years (n=29, 36.9%), then 14 years and more (n=47, 13.4%) and unknown (n= 16, 4.6%).

Conclusion:  The study revealed that the most common risk factors associated with breast lumps among women in Saudi Arabia included obesity, with the highest BMI range being 30-34.9 kg/m². The most prevalent age group was 40 years and older. Married women formed the majority of participants, with a high level of awareness regarding the importance of early detection and the influence of obesity and physical inactivity on breast cancer risk. The study recommends continued awareness campaigns on risk factors and the importance of early screening.